Everything you need for enterprise-ready Docker container development of Kubernetes-ready applications. Docker Desktop is an application for MacOS and Windows machines, delivering the easiest and fastest way to build production-ready container applications for Kubernetes or Swarm, working with any framework and language and targeting any platform. May 14, 2019  Can't ping specific subnet from within a Docker container. Ask Question 3. Grep Subnet'. May be you have a docker network subnet '172.20.0.0/16'. – gile May 15 at 19:11. Add a comment 3 Answers active oldest votes. There must be a router or firewall blocking somewhere. If you want a good start, from your mac.

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In addition to leveraging the default 'nat' network created by Docker on Windows, users can define custom container networks. User-defined networks can be created using the Docker CLI docker network create -d <NETWORK DRIVER TYPE> <NAME> command. On Windows, the following network driver types are available:

• nat – containers attached to a network created with the 'nat' driver will be connected to an internal Hyper-V switch and receive an IP address from the user-specified (--subnet) IP prefix. Port forwarding / mapping from the container host to container endpoints is supported.

  Note

  NAT networks created on Windows Server 2019 (or above) are no longer persisted after reboot.

  Multiple NAT networks are supported if you have the Windows 10 Creators Update installed (or above).

• transparent – containers attached to a network created with the 'transparent' driver will be directly connected to the physical network through an external Hyper-V switch. IPs from the physical network can be assigned statically (requires user-specified --subnet option) or dynamically using an external DHCP server.

  Note

  Due to the following requirement, connecting your container hosts over a transparent network is not supported on Azure VMs.

  Usb driver for jvc camcorder. Requires: When this mode is used in a virtualization scenario (container host is a VM) MAC address spoofing is required.

• overlay - when the docker engine is running in swarm mode, containers attached to an overlay network can communicate with other containers attached to the same network across multiple container hosts. Each overlay network that is created on a Swarm cluster is created with its own IP subnet, defined by a private IP prefix. The overlay network driver uses VXLAN encapsulation. Can be used with Kubernetes when using suitable network control planes (e.g. Flannel).

  Requires: Make sure your environment satisfies these required prerequisites for creating overlay networks.

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  Requires: On Windows Server 2019, this requires KB4489899.

  Requires: On Windows Server 2016, this requires KB4015217.

  Note

  On Windows Server 2019, overlay networks created by Docker Swarm leverage VFP NAT rules for outbound connectivity. This means that a given container receives 1 IP address. It also means that ICMP-based tools such as ping or Test-NetConnection should be configured using their TCP/UDP options in debugging situations.

• l2bridge - similar to transparent networking mode, containers attached to a network created with the 'l2bridge' driver will be connected to the physical network through an external Hyper-V switch. The difference in l2bridge is that container endpoints will have the same MAC address as the host due to Layer-2 address translation (MAC re-write) operation on ingress and egress. In clustering scenarios, this helps alleviate the stress on switches having to learn MAC addresses of sometimes short-lived containers. L2bridge networks can be configured in 2 different ways:

  1. L2bridge network is configured with the same IP subnet as the container host
  2. L2bridge network is configured with a new custom IP subnet

  In configuration 2 users will need to add a endpoint on the host network compartment that acts as a gateway and configure routing capabilities for the designated prefix.

  Requires: Requires Windows Server 2016, Windows 10 Creators Update, or a later release.

• l2bridge - similar to transparent networking mode, containers attached to a network created with the 'l2bridge' driver will be connected to the physical network through an external Hyper-V switch. The difference in l2bridge is that container endpoints will have the same MAC address as the host due to Layer-2 address translation (MAC re-write) operation on ingress and egress. In clustering scenarios, this helps alleviate the stress on switches having to learn MAC addresses of sometimes short-lived containers. L2bridge networks can be configured in 2 different ways:

  1. L2bridge network is configured with the same IP subnet as the container host
  2. L2bridge network is configured with a new custom IP subnet

  In configuration 2 users will need to add a endpoint on the host network compartment that acts as a gateway and configure routing capabilities for the designated prefix.

  Tip

  More details on how to configure and install l2bridge can be found here.

• l2tunnel - Similar to l2bridge, however this driver should only be used in a Microsoft Cloud Stack (Azure). Packets coming from a container are sent to the virtualization host where SDN policy is applied.

Network topologies and IPAM

The table below shows how network connectivity is provided for internal (container-to-container) and external connections for each network driver.

Networking modes/Docker drivers

Docker Windows Network Driver	Typical uses	Container-to-container (Single node)	Container-to-external (single node + multi-node)	Container-to-container (multi-node)
NAT (Default)	Good for Developers	Same Subnet: Bridged connection through Hyper-V virtual switch Cross subnet: Not supported (only one NAT internal prefix)	Routed through Management vNIC (bound to WinNAT)	Not directly supported: requires exposing ports through host
Transparent	Good for Developers or small deployments	Same Subnet: Bridged connection through Hyper-V virtual switch Cross Subnet: Routed through container host	Routed through container host with direct access to (physical) network adapter	Routed through container host with direct access to (physical) network adapter
Overlay	Good for multi-node; required for Docker Swarm, available in Kubernetes	Same Subnet: Bridged connection through Hyper-V virtual switch Cross Subnet: Network traffic is encapsulated and routed through Mgmt vNIC	Not directly supported - requires second container endpoint attached to NAT network on Windows Server 2016 or VFP NAT rule on Windows Server 2019.	Same/Cross Subnet: Network traffic is encapsulated using VXLAN and routed through Mgmt vNIC
L2Bridge	Used for Kubernetes and Microsoft SDN	Same Subnet: Bridged connection through Hyper-V virtual switch Cross Subnet: Container MAC address re-written on ingress and egress and routed	Container MAC address re-written on ingress and egress	Same Subnet: Bridged connection Cross Subnet: routed through Mgmt vNIC on WSv1809 and above
L2Tunnel	Azure only	Same/Cross Subnet: Hair-pinned to physical host's Hyper-V virtual switch to where policy is applied	Traffic must go through Azure virtual network gateway	Same/Cross Subnet: Hair-pinned to physical host's Hyper-V virtual switch to where policy is applied

IPAM

IP Addresses are allocated and assigned differently for each networking driver. Windows uses the Host Networking Service (HNS) to provide IPAM for the nat driver and works with Docker Swarm Mode (internal KVS) to provide IPAM for overlay. All other network drivers use an external IPAM.

Networking Mode / Driver	IPAM
NAT	Dynamic IP allocation and assignment by Host Networking Service (HNS) from internal NAT subnet prefix
Transparent	Static or dynamic (using external DHCP server) IP allocation and assignment from IP addresses within container host's network prefix
Overlay	Dynamic IP allocation from Docker Engine Swarm Mode managed prefixes and assignment through HNS
L2Bridge	Static IP allocation and assignment from IP addresses within container host's network prefix (could also be assigned through HNS)
L2Tunnel	Azure only - Dynamic IP allocation and assignment from plugin

Service Discovery

Service Discovery is only supported for certain Windows network drivers.

Local Service Discovery	Global Service Discovery
nat	YES	YES with Docker EE
overlay	YES	YES with Docker EE or kube-dns
transparent	NO	NO
l2bridge	NO	YES with kube-dns